Original Research

RETRACTED: The impact of religious tourism on the economy and tourism industry

Lidia Sergeevna Budovich
HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies | Vol 79, No 1 | a8607 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v79i1.8607 | © 2023 Lidia Sergeevna Budovich | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 06 March 2023 | Published: 30 May 2023

About the author(s)

Lidia Sergeevna Budovich, Department of Innovation Management, Institute of Management Technologies, MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), Moscow, Russian Federation

Abstract

Today, tourism, with its distinct and unique features, has become one of the largest and most profitable industries in the world economy and has provided a platform for changes in geographical spaces. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of religious tourism on the economic development of traditional settlements. The research method is descriptive and analytical. The independent variable is ‘religious tourism’, which is quantified by 10 components, and the dependent variables are ‘income’ and ‘employment’ in tourist areas, which are studied with 10 components in Russia, respectively. Data analysis was carried out in SPSS software, then a Pearson’s correlation test and simple linear regression were used. Moreover, Geographic Information System (GIS) software was used to show the traditional spatial weighting of the study. The regression results show that religious tourism has been effective by 0.77 on income, 0.66 on employment, and 0.72 on the economy of traditional settlements. In fact, the development of religious tourism in areas with religious and traditional rituals has had a positive effect on creating employment, increasing income and economic prosperity. In general, religious tourism, with its structural and functional features, is considered an important factor in revitalising the economy of regions with this privilege.
Contribution: This article has proven the strong role of religious tourism on the economy and tourism industry in Russia with a quantitative analysis, which deserves the attention of cultural and tourism policymakers. In addition, the results of this research can be considered by other countries with different religions.
Reason for retraction: The article, ‘The impact of religious tourism on the economy and tourism industry’, by Budovich (2023), published online on 30 May 2023, has been retracted by the Editor-in-Chief and the Publisher due to unreliable findings.


Keywords

religion; religious tourism; economy; social effect; tourism industry.

Sustainable Development Goal

Goal 8: Decent work and economic growth

Metrics

Total abstract views: 6361
Total article views: 7141

 

Crossref Citations

1. Exploring motivations, satisfaction, and loyalty in religious tourism
Mauricio Carvache-Franco, Otto Regalado-Pezúa, Orly Carvache-Franco, Wilmer Carvache-Franco
Journal of Heritage Tourism  vol: 21  issue: 2  first page: 145  year: 2026  
doi: 10.1080/1743873X.2026.2636717

2. The patronage of religious tourism seen from its motivations that predict satisfaction and loyalty: The Virgin of Chaguaya in Bolivia
Mauricio Carvache-Franco, Jose Loaiza-Torres, Orly Carvache-Franco, José Eduardo Fernández-Cruz, Wilmer Carvache-Franco, Pradeep Paraman
PLOS ONE  vol: 19  issue: 8  first page: e0307664  year: 2024  
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307664

3. Post-pandemic religious tourism research: trends, digital innovations, and resilience strategies (2021–2024)
Nimisha Maheshwari, Vipin Singh
Cogent Social Sciences  vol: 12  issue: 1  year: 2026  
doi: 10.1080/23311886.2026.2621428

4. Vande Bharat Express: new face of Indian railways
Madhumita Das, Shivam Sakshi, Sri Sai Ram S.M.
Vilakshan - XIMB Journal of Management  vol: 23  issue: 1  first page: 122  year: 2026  
doi: 10.1108/XJM-03-2025-0025

5. INSTITUTIONAL AND FINANCIAL BARRIERS IN THE USE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OBJECTS IN THE PENZA REGION
Aleksey Malyshev, Nikolay Solodkov
INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL  vol: 8  issue: 6  first page: 319  year: 2026  
doi: 10.55186/25880209_2025_9_6_21

6. Market devotion: understanding the Ram Mandir event influence on the Indian stock market using event study method
Richa Goel, Anindita Bhattacharjee, Neeru Sidana, Tilottama Singh, Manleenjot Kaur
Journal of Applied Economics  vol: 28  issue: 1  year: 2025  
doi: 10.1080/15140326.2025.2472584

7. Social and religious factors in pilgrimages on the Way of Saint James
Aneta Anna Omelan, Grażyna Furgała-Selezniow, Małgorzata Jankun-Woźnicka
Quaestiones Geographicae  vol: 44  issue: 2  first page: 95  year: 2025  
doi: 10.14746/quageo-2025-0021

8. Using regional input-output tables to measure the economic impact of religious events
Andrés Artal-Tur, José Miguel Navarro-Azorín, José María Ramos-Parreño
National Accounting Review  vol: 8  issue: 3  first page: 358  year: 2026  
doi: 10.3934/NAR.2026016

9. Devotion and fate: stakeholder perceptions of the Divino Niño del Milagro in Ciudad Eten, Peru
Rosse Marie Esparza-Huamanchumo, Sandra Zubieta Zamudio, Nancy Karen Guillén Rojas, José Álvarez-García
International Journal of Event and Festival Management  vol: 17  issue: 3  first page: 479  year: 2026  
doi: 10.1108/IJEFM-09-2025-0153

10. Religious Festivals in Tourism Research: A Systematic Review of Stakeholders, Themes, Theories, and Methodologies
Dagnachew Nega, Alexander Trupp
Heritage  vol: 9  issue: 2  first page: 58  year: 2026  
doi: 10.3390/heritage9020058

11. Perceived value and tourist donation intentions at religious heritage sites: the mediating roles of awe and subjective well-being
Shuo Yu, Xi Li, Yu Cao
Frontiers in Psychology  vol: 16  year: 2025  
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1655120

12. Simulating the effect of counterfactual changes in religious tourism on economic growth in Saudi Arabia
Isiaka Akande Raifu, Joshua Adeyemi Afolabi, Abdulkhalid Anda Salihu
Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights  vol: 8  issue: 4  first page: 1374  year: 2025  
doi: 10.1108/JHTI-04-2024-0354

13. Religious Tourism and Sustainable Economic Development: Examining the Nexus through the Case of Gurdwara Darbar Sahib, Pakistan
Neelam Bano, Zubair Arshad, Maria Imtiaz, Namra Amjad Ali
Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization  vol: 16  issue: 1  first page: 301  year: 2026  
doi: 10.32350/jitc.161.18

14. Sociodemographic aspects, satisfaction, loyalty, and motivations in religious tourism
Mauricio Carvache-Franco, Otto Regalado-Pezúa, Orly Carvache-Franco, Wilmer Carvache-Franco
Cogent Social Sciences  vol: 10  issue: 1  year: 2024  
doi: 10.1080/23311886.2024.2401145

15. STUDY THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ON SOCIETY, ECONOMY, AND CULTURE: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AURANGABAD DISTRICT
Trupti Vijay Jadhav
Towards Excellence  first page: 289  year: 2024  
doi: 10.37867/TE160121

16. Retraction notice to: The impact of religious tourism on the economy and tourism industry
Lidia Sergeevna Budovich
HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies  vol: 82  issue: 1  year: 2026  
doi: 10.4102/HTS.v82i1.11328

17. The Sustainability of the Hospitality Industry through the Management of Tourist Flows: The Case of Turkestan
M. Zh. Konyrbekov, I. V. Bogomazova, T. B. Klimova
Qainar Journal of Social Science  vol: 4  issue: 3  first page: 60  year: 2025  
doi: 10.58732/2958-7212-2025-3-60-78