Religious moderation in the Canons of Dort

Abstract

The Canons of Dort have historically functioned as a source of division and polarisation between Calvinist and Arminian traditions. This article, however, proposes a more nuanced reading, highlighting a moderated theological posture within the Canons themselves. Positioned historically and theologically between the writings of John Calvin and the later developments of Reformed Orthodoxy, the Canons are presented here as a transitional document, offering a mediating position. Within the broader Protestant context, the Canons exhibit notable affinities with the Lutheran Confessions and even engage constructively with several concerns raised in the Five Articles of Remonstrance. Furthermore, the article identifies thematic resonances between the Canons and aspects of Roman Catholic theology, suggesting that the Canons reflect a more irenic and integrative theological trajectory than is often acknowledged.
Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of the Canons of Dort by revealing their ecumenical potential, which is worth exploring. It also reassesses the Canons’ rootedness in Christocentric soteriology, moving beyond traditional confessional readings. Their moderate infralapsarianism and nuanced engagement with Arminian concerns foster theological dialogue. Resonances with Lutheran and Catholic traditions, especially in doctrines of perseverance and grace, underscore the Canons’ capacity to mediate across confessional divides and promote unity without compromising Reformed convictions.