A comparative contextual study of ‘kudu sumunar pindha baskara’ and ‘lampsatō to phōs’

Abstract

This study explores the intersection between the concept ‘kudu sumunar pindha baskara’ in the Sapta Darma Sesanti and the phrase ‘lampsatō to phōs humōn’ in Matthew 5:16. The central issue addressed is how these two concepts of light relate in ethical, spiritual and theological terms, and how their relationship may serve as a foundation for gospel contextualisation. The research employs a qualitative-critical approach through biblical text analysis (narrative hermeneutics) and a theological-cultural examination of Sapta Darma teachings via literature study and contextual interpretation. The findings reveal a similarity in the ethical dimension – namely, a call to live as light for others through open and constructive good works. However, a significant ontological difference emerges: Sapta Darma presents light as the emanation of human spirituality, whereas in Matthew 5:16, light originates from the relationship with Christ as the true light. In conclusion, the Sapta Darma Sesanti can serve as an effective starting point for gospel contextualisation, provided that the concept of light remains grounded in the Christological and soteriological framework central to Jesus’ message. 
Contribution: This study contributes to the discourse on contextual theology by positioning local Sesanti as a medium for critical theological reflection. Furthermore, it enriches the methodology of gospel contextualisation in dialogue with the indigenous spirituality of the archipelago in a scholarly and responsible manner.